From 4adc14854cda5322407342989fe81914f2f28ca5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E9=98=8E=E5=86=A0=E5=AE=87?= Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2023 16:58:22 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=98=8E=E5=86=A0=E5=AE=87=E7=9A=84?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BD=9C=E4=B8=9A?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- ...40\345\222\214\344\275\234\344\270\232.md" | 111 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 111 insertions(+) create mode 100644 "34 \351\230\216\345\206\240\345\256\207/20230306\345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242\347\232\204\345\255\246\344\271\240\345\222\214\344\275\234\344\270\232.md" diff --git "a/34 \351\230\216\345\206\240\345\256\207/20230306\345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242\347\232\204\345\255\246\344\271\240\345\222\214\344\275\234\344\270\232.md" "b/34 \351\230\216\345\206\240\345\256\207/20230306\345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242\347\232\204\345\255\246\344\271\240\345\222\214\344\275\234\344\270\232.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e8e41fe --- /dev/null +++ "b/34 \351\230\216\345\206\240\345\256\207/20230306\345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242\347\232\204\345\255\246\344\271\240\345\222\214\344\275\234\344\270\232.md" @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +# 笔记 + +### 什么子查询 + +-- 嵌套在其它SQL语句中的select语句 +-- 子查询通常在外层语句之前优先执行,所以要用()包括起来 +-- 子查询的结果,一般作为外层语句的条件,数据源等 + +select ① from ③ where ②; + +### 形式一,select后面嵌套子查询 + +where 后面不支持聚合函数和别名,having支持聚合也支持别名 + +### 形式二,在where/having 后面做条件 + +当子查询放在where 、 having 后面当条件用是,有几种情况 + ① 单列单个值,可以直接用>,<,<=...!=,这些比较运算符 + ② 单列多个值,要用in,not in 这种集合的比较 + ③ 单列多个值,可以用>,<,<=...!=,比较运算符,搭配any,all 这些关键字,一起使用 + +### 形式三,在from后面,形成一个临时表,必须加一个别名 + +子查询的结果: +单列单个值:可以放在select 后,也可以放where/having之后 +单列多个值:where后,或having后 ,不用直接用<,=,>= 这种单纯的比较运算符。但可以用搭配any(任意一个),all(所有的)等关键字一起使用。还可以用in,not in这种表达式 + +多列时,只能当临时表来表用,放在from后面,而且必须,给他取个别名 + +# 作业 + +```mysql +create database sonselect charset utf8; +use sonselect; +create table stuinfo( +stuNo varchar(10), +stuName varchar(4), +stuSex enum('男','女'), +stuAge int, +stuAddress varchar(4), +stuSeat INT +); +create table stuExam( +examNo int, +stuNo varchar(10), +writtenExam int, +labExam INT +); +create table stuMarks( +examNo int, +stuID varchar(10), +score int +); +insert into stuinfo values +('s2501','张秋利','男',20,'美国硅谷',1), +('s2502','李斯文','女',18,'湖北武汉',2), +('s2503','马文才','男',18,'湖南长沙',3), +('s2504','欧阳俊雄','女',21,'湖北武汉',4), +('s2505','梅超风','男',20,'湖北武汉',5), +('s2506','陈旋风','男',19,'美国硅谷',6); +insert into stuExam values +(1,'s2501',50,70), +(2,'s2502',60,65), +(3,'s2503',86,70), +(4,'s2504',40,80), +(5,'s2505',70,85), +(6,'s2506',85,90); +insert into stuMarks VALUES +(1,'s2501',88), +(2,'s2501',92), +(3,'s2501',53), +(4,'s2502',60), +(5,'s2502',99), +(6,'s2503',82); +-- 在如图的数据表上完成以下题目 +-- 1.查询出年龄比班上平均年龄大的学生的信息 +select * from stuinfo where stuAge >(select AVG(stuAge) from stuinfo); +-- 2.查询出每个学生的学号,姓名,性别和选修课程的最高分(stuMarks) +select stuno,stuname,stusex,max(score) from stumarks a right join stuinfo b on a.stuid = b.stuno group by stuno,stuname,stusex; +-- 3.查询出每个学生的学号,姓名,性别和考试平均分(stuExam) +select stuinfo.stuNo,stuName,stuSex,avg(writtenExam+labExam)/2 考试平均分 from stuinfo left JOIN stuexam on stuinfo.stuNo=stuexam.stuNo GROUP BY stuinfo.stuNo,stuName,stuSex; +-- 4.查询性别是男并且年龄大于等于20的学生的信息(用两种方法实现:普通查询和子查询) +select * from stuinfo where stuSex='男' and stuage>=20; +select * from (select * from stuinfo where stuage>=20) a where stusex='男'; +-- 5.查询出年龄比所有男生年龄都大的女生的信息 +select * from stuinfo where stusex='女' AND stuage>ALL(select stuAge from stuinfo where stusex='男'); +-- 6.查询出所有选修课程都及格的学生的信息 (stuMarks) +select * from stuinfo a INNER JOIN stumarks b on a.stuNo = b.stuID where a.stuNo != (select stuid from stumarks where score<60); +-- 7.查询出参加考试的学生的信息(用表连接,in二种方法做)(stuMarks) +SELECT * FROM stuinfo a inner join stumarks b on a.stuNo = b.stuID; +select * from stuinfo a inner join (select DISTINCT stuid from stumarks) b on a.stuNo = b.stuid; +select * FROM stuinfo where stuno in (select DISTINCT stuid from stumarks); +-- 8.查询出没有参加考试的学生的信息(用表连接,in二种方法做)(stuMarks) +SELECT * from stuinfo a left join stumarks b on a.stuNo = b.stuID where score is null; +select * from stuinfo where stuno not in (SELECT DISTINCT stuid FROM stuMarks); +-- 9.将有一门成绩成绩大于90分的学生的基本信息查询出来(stuMarks) +select * from stuinfo a left join stumarks b on a.stuNo = b.stuID where score>90; +select * from stuinfo where stuno in (select stuid from stumarks where score>90); +-- 10.查询出平均成绩在80分以上的学生的基本信息(stuExam) +select * from stuinfo where stuno = (select stuno from stuexam where (writtenExam+labExam)/2>80); +-- 11.查询出某同学所有考试成绩比“张秋利”同学所有分数都高的学生基本信息(stuExam) +select * from stuinfo a left join stuExam b on a.stuNo = b.stuNo where writtenExam>(select writtenExam from stuExam where stuNo=(select stuNo from stuinfo where stuname='张秋利')) AND labExam>(select labExam from stuExam where stuNo=(select stuNo from stuinfo where stuname='张秋利')); +-- 12.查询出某同学所有考试成绩只需要比“张秋利”同学某个分数高的学生基本信息(stuExam) +select * from stuinfo a left join stuExam b on a.stuNo = b.stuNo where writtenExam>(select writtenExam from stuExam where stuNo=(select stuNo from stuinfo where stuname='张秋利')) OR labExam>(select labExam from stuExam where stuNo=(select stuNo from stuinfo where stuname='张秋利')); +-- 13.查询班上比所有男生年龄都要大的女生的信息 +select * from stuinfo where stuSex='女' and stuAge >ALL(select stuAge from stuinfo where stusex='男'); +-- 14.查询出只是比某个男生年龄大的女生的信息 +select * from stuinfo where stuSex='女' AND stuAge >any(select stuage from stuinfo where stusex='男'); +select * from stuinfo where stuSex='女' AND stuAge >(select MIN(stuAge) from stuinfo where stusex='男'); +``` + -- Gitee From 993899b008cb9d22bc2b9f27b673dc02cdb395cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E9=98=8E=E5=86=A0=E5=AE=87?= Date: Thu, 9 Mar 2023 00:23:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=98=8E=E5=86=A0=E5=AE=87=E7=9A=84?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BD=9C=E4=B8=9A?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- ...25\347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" | 118 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 118 insertions(+) create mode 100644 "34 \351\230\216\345\206\240\345\256\207/20230308 \350\200\203\350\257\225\347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" diff --git "a/34 \351\230\216\345\206\240\345\256\207/20230308 \350\200\203\350\257\225\347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" "b/34 \351\230\216\345\206\240\345\256\207/20230308 \350\200\203\350\257\225\347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3d5ce0b --- /dev/null +++ "b/34 \351\230\216\345\206\240\345\256\207/20230308 \350\200\203\350\257\225\347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +```mysql +create database xiaoshuo charset utf8; +use xiaoshuo; +create table author( +author_id int PRIMARY KEY, +author_name varchar(20) UNIQUE KEY not NULL, +credits int, +vip_id varchar(20) not null, +FOREIGN KEY(vip_id) references vip(vip_id) +); +insert into author VALUES +(1001,'朱逸群',600,'VIP01'), +(1002,'范建',8510,'VIP04'), +(1003,'史珍香',981,'VIP02'), +(1004,'范统',2364,'VIP02'), +(1005,'杜子腾',257,'VIP01'), +(1006,'刘产',678,'VIP02'), +(1007,'杜琦燕',438,'VIP03'); +create table vip( +vip_id varchar(20) PRIMARY key, +vip_name varchar(20) UNIQUE KEY not null +); +insert into vip VALUES +('VIP01','青铜作家'), +('VIP02','白银作家'), +('VIP03','黄金作家'), +('VIP04','钻石作家'); +create table story( +story_id int PRIMARY KEY auto_increment, +author_id int, +FOREIGN KEY(author_id) REFERENCES author(author_id), +type_id varchar(20), +FOREIGN KEY (type_id) REFERENCES type(type_id), +story_name varchar(50), +views_number int +); +insert into story VALUES +(1,1002,'L03','母猪产后与护理师的二三事',6541), +(2,1005,'L04','拖拉机大战蜘蛛侠',563), +(3,1003,'L01','这只小龙虾不正经',8754), +(4,1006,'L04','一个爹爹三个娃',36354), +(5,1006,'L01','皇上滚开本宫只劫财',3674), +(6,1005,'L05','给长城贴瓷砖的小太监',6541), +(7,1003,'L03','不科学御兽',1257), +(8,1005,'L01','镜面管理局',3216), +(9,1004,'L02','关于我成为灭魂师之后',1147), +(10,1004,'L05','公子别秀',2078); +create table type( +type_id varchar(20) PRIMARY KEY, +type_name varchar(20) not NULL UNIQUE KEY +); +insert into type VALUES +('L01','玄幻'), +('L02','奇侠'), +('L03','武侠'), +('L04','仙侠'), +('L05','都市'); +select * from author; +-- > 所有题目要求使用SQL语句完成 +-- 1. 根据前面提供的表结构和表数据,创建数据库并分别创建这张四张表;并插入相关数据。(提醒:外键请注意建表顺序和插入数据的顺序) (30分) +-- 2. 将story 表中的story_name字段类型改成varchar(40) 。(2分) +alter table story modify story_name varchar(40); +-- 3. 在author表中增加一个性别字段 字段名:author_sex,类型: char(10),要求默认值为'男'。 (3分) +alter table author add author_sex char(10) default '男'; +-- 4. 将作家编号为1005、1007的作家性别改为'女' 。(2分) +update author set author_sex = '女', author_sex = '女' where author_id=1005 or author_id=1007; +-- 5. 作家杜子腾,写了一篇名为《拜登夸我很帅》的都市小说,有854个浏览量,请将这条信息插入到story表。(3分) +insert into story values (11,1005,'L05','拜登夸我很帅',854); +-- 6. 《拖拉机大战蜘蛛侠》这篇小说,浏览量涨了100,请更新story表中的相关数据。(2分) +update story set views_number = views_number+100 where story_name ='拖拉机大战蜘蛛侠'; +select * from story; +-- 7. 请删除story表的中《皇上滚开本宫只劫财》这篇小说相关数据。(2分) +delete from story where story_name ='皇上滚开本宫只劫财'; +-- 8. 查询 浏览量大于 8000的小说的作者编号和小说作品名称。(2分) +select author_id,story_name from story where views_number>8000; +-- 9. 查询积分大于1000 并且会员等级高于vip03的作家所有信息。(3分) +select * from author where credits>1000 and vip_id>'VIP03'; +-- 10. 查询姓名以杜字开头的作家的姓名,积分和等级编号。(3分) +select author_name,credits,vip_id from author where author_name like '杜%'; +-- 11. 查询积分在100、1000之间的作家信息,以积分降序排列。 (3分) +select * from author where credits BETWEEN 100 AND 1000 ORDER BY credits DESC; +-- 12. 查询出小说的 总浏览量,最高浏览量,最小浏览量,平均浏览量,给字段用上中文别名。(3分) +select sum(views_number) 总浏览量,MAX(views_number) 最高浏览量, MIN(views_number) 最低浏览量,AVG(views_number) 平均浏览量 from story ; +-- 13. 查询各种等级的作家的平均积分和作家数量,并对查询结果使用中文别名。(3分) +select vip_id,AVG(credits) 平均积分,count(*) 作家数量 from author GROUP BY author.vip_id; +-- 14. 查询小说数量大于等于2的 分类编号 和 小说数量。(4分) +SELECT type_id 分类编号,COUNT(type_id) 小说数量 FROM story GROUP BY type_id HAVING COUNT(type_id)>=2; +-- 15. 查询所有小说中浏览量最少的书的作品编号、作品名称和类型编号、浏览量。(4分) +select story_id,story_name,type_id,views_number from story where views_number=(select MIN(views_number) from story); +-- 16. 查询积分比刘产高的作者所有信息。(5分) +select * from author where credits>(select credits from author where author_name='刘产'); +-- 17. 查询出哪些白银作家是没有写小说的,显示这些作家的姓名、等级名称。(8分) +select author_name,author.vip_id from author where author.author_id not in (select author_id from story) AND author.vip_id=(select vip_id from vip where vip_name='白银作家'); +-- 18. 找出写过作品浏览量大于5000的作家的所有作品中浏览量不到1000的作品信息(8分) +select * from story where author_id=ANY(select author_id from story where views_number>5000) AND story.views_number<1000; +-- 19. 查询所有小说的小说编号、小说名称、浏览量、分类名称、作者姓名、作者积分、作者等级名称,结果字段要用中文别名,并按浏览量降序排列,如果浏览量一样的,再按积分降序排列。 +SELECT + a.story_id 小说编号, + a.story_name 小说名称, + a.views_number 浏览量, + d.type_name 分类名称, + b.author_name 作者姓名, + b.credits 作者积分, + c.vip_name 作者等级名称 +FROM + story a, + author b, + vip c, + type d +WHERE + a.author_id = b.author_id + AND b.vip_id = c.vip_id + AND a.type_id = d.type_id +ORDER BY + a.views_number DESC, + b.credits DESC; +``` + -- Gitee