From aaeb242c8167039a5f9f253fa4d7e11b3aba4959 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=BE=90=E5=85=88=E9=91=AB?= Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2023 15:03:22 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] =?UTF-8?q?53=20=E5=BE=90=E5=85=88=E9=91=AB?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Signed-off-by: 徐先鑫 --- ... \345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242 .md" | 121 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 121 insertions(+) create mode 100644 "53 \345\276\220\345\205\210\351\221\253/2023.03.06 \345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242 .md" diff --git "a/53 \345\276\220\345\205\210\351\221\253/2023.03.06 \345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242 .md" "b/53 \345\276\220\345\205\210\351\221\253/2023.03.06 \345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242 .md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2948ea8 --- /dev/null +++ "b/53 \345\276\220\345\205\210\351\221\253/2023.03.06 \345\255\220\346\237\245\350\257\242 .md" @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ +# 笔记 + +嵌套在其它SQL语句中的select语句 +-- 子查询通常在外层语句之前优先执行,所以要用()包括起来 +-- 子查询的结果,一般作为外层语句的条件,数据源等 + + 形式一,select后面嵌套子查询 + +形式二,在where/having 后面做条件 + +形式三,在from后面,形成一个临时表,必须加一个别名 + +当子查询放在where 、 having 后面当条件用是,有几种情况 + ① 单列单个值,可以直接用>,<,<=...!=,这些比较运算符 + ② 单列多个值,要用in,not in 这种集合的比较 + ③ 单列多个值,可以用>,<,<=...!=,比较运算符,搭配any,all 这些关键字,一起使用 + +子查询的结果: + 单列单个值:可以放在select 后,也可以放where/having之后 + 单列多个值:where后,或having后 ,不用直接用<,=,>= 这种单纯的比较运算符。但可以用搭配any(任意一个),all(所有的)等关键字一起使用。还可以用in,not in这种表达式 + + 多列时,只能当临时表来表用,放在from后面,而且必须,给他取个别名 + +# 作业 + +```sql +create database db1 charset utf8; +use db1; +create table stuinfo( +stuno varchar(20) PRIMARY key, +stuname varchar(20), +stusex enum('男','女'), +stuage int, +stuaddress varchar(20), +stuseat int ); + +CREATE table stuexam( +examno int PRIMARY key, +stuno varchar(20), +writtenexam varchar(20), +labexam int, +FOREIGN key stuexam(stuno) REFERENCES stuinfo(stuno)); + + +create table stumarks( +examno int, +stuid varchar(20), +score int); + + +INSERT into stuinfo VALUES +('s2501','张秋利','男',20,'美国硅谷',1), +('s2502','李斯文','女',18,'湖北武汉',2), +('s2503','马文才','男',18,'湖南长沙',3), +('s2504','欧阳俊雄','女',21,'湖北武汉',4), +('s2505','梅超风','男',20,'湖北武汉',5), +('s2506','陈旋风','男',19,'美国硅谷',6); + +INSERT into stuexam VALUES +(1,'s2501','50',70), +(2,'s2502','60',65), +(3,'s2503','86',70), +(4,'s2504','40',80), +(5,'s2505','70',85), +(6,'s2506','85',90); + +insert into stumarks VALUES +(1,'s2501',88), +(2,'s2501',92), +(3,'s2501',53), +(4,'s2502',60), +(5,'s2502',99), +(6,'s2503',82); + +-- 1.查询出年龄比班上平均年龄大的学生的信息 +select * from stuinfo where stuage>(select avg(stuage) from stuinfo); +-- +-- 2.查询出每个学生的学号,姓名,性别和选修课程的最高分(stuMarks) +select stuinfo.stuno,stuname,stusex,max(score) from stuinfo left JOIN stumarks on stuinfo.stuno=stumarks.stuid where score in ( SELECT max(score)from stuinfo) GROUP BY stuno ; +-- +-- 3.查询出每个学生的学号,姓名,性别和考试平均分(stuExam) +select stuinfo.stuno,stuname,stusex,avg(writtenexam+labexam)/2 from stuinfo left join stuexam on stuinfo.stuno=stuexam.stuno GROUP BY stuname; +-- +-- 4.查询性别是男并且年龄大于等于20的学生的信息(用两种方法实现:普通查询和子查询) +select * from stuinfo where stuage >= 20 and stusex='男'; +select * from stuinfo where stuage in (select stuage from stuinfo where stuage>=20) and stusex in (SELECT stusex from stuinfo where stusex='男'); +-- 5.查询出年龄比所有男生年龄都大的女生的信息 +select * from stuinfo where stuage>(SELECT MAX(stuage) from stuinfo where stusex='男') AND +stusex='女'; +-- +-- 6.查询出所有选修课程都及格的学生的信息 (stuMarks) +select * from stuinfo a INNER JOIN stumarks b on a.stuNo = b.stuID where a.stuNo != (select stuid from stumarks where score<60); + +-- 7.查询出参加考试的学生的信息(用表连接,in二种方法做)(stuMarks) +select stuinfo.* from stumarks left join stuinfo on stumarks.stuid=stuinfo.stuno GROUP BY stuno; +SELECT * from stuinfo where stuno +-- +-- 8.查询出没有参加考试的学生的信息(用表连接,in二种方法做)(stuMarks) +-- +SELECT stuinfo.* from stuinfo left join stumarks on stumarks.stuid=stuinfo.stuno where score is null GROUP BY stuno; + +-- 9.将有一门成绩成绩大于90分的学生的基本信息查询出来(stuMarks) +-- +SELECT stuinfo.* from stumarks left join stuinfo on stumarks.stuid=stuinfo.stuno where stuid = any(SELECT stuid from stumarks where score>90) GROUP BY stuid; +-- 10.查询出平均成绩在80分以上的学生的基本信息(stuMarks) +-- +select * from stuinfo where stuno in(select stuid from stumarks where score>80); +-- 11.查询出某同学所有考试成绩比“张秋利”同学所有分数都高的学生基本信息(stuMarks) +-- +select stuinfo.* from stuinfo INNER JOIN stumarks on stumarks.stuid=stuinfo.stuno WHERE +score>(select max(score) from stuinfo inner join stumarks on stumarks.stuid=stuinfo.stuno where stuname ='张秋利') GROUP BY stuname; +-- 12.查询出某同学所有考试成绩只需要比“张秋利”同学某个分数高的学生基本信息(stuMarks) +-- +select * from stuinfo a left join stuExam b on a.stuNo = b.stuNo where writtenExam>(select writtenExam from stuExam where stuNo=(select stuNo from stuinfo where stuname='张秋利')) OR labExam>(select labExam from stuExam where stuNo=(select stuNo from stuinfo where stuname='张秋利')); +-- 13.查询班上比所有男生年龄都要大的女生的信息 +-- +SELECT * from stuinfo where stuage>(select max(stuage) from stuinfo where stusex='男') and stusex '女'; +-- 14.查询出只是比某个男生年龄大的女生的信息 +select * from stuinfo where stuSex='女' AND stuAge >any(select stuage from stuinfo where stusex='男'); +select * from stuinfo where stuSex='女' AND stuAge >(select MIN(stuAge) from stuinfo where stusex='男'); +``` -- Gitee From 8797983364fe336ace8776262ab439cf93173ac9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=BE=90=E5=85=88=E9=91=AB?= Date: Wed, 8 Mar 2023 15:33:37 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] =?UTF-8?q?53=20=E5=BE=90=E5=85=88=E9=91=AB?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Signed-off-by: 徐先鑫 --- ...8 \347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" | 130 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 130 insertions(+) create mode 100644 "53 \345\276\220\345\205\210\351\221\253/2023.03.08 \347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" diff --git "a/53 \345\276\220\345\205\210\351\221\253/2023.03.08 \347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" "b/53 \345\276\220\345\205\210\351\221\253/2023.03.08 \347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000..11c04b4 --- /dev/null +++ "b/53 \345\276\220\345\205\210\351\221\253/2023.03.08 \347\273\203\344\271\240\351\242\230.md" @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ +```sql +create database xiaoshuo charset utf8; + +use xiaoshuo; + +create table author ( +author_id int PRIMARY KEY comment '作家编号', +author_name varchar(20) unique comment '作家姓名', +credits int comment '积分', +vip_id varchar(20) not null comment '等级编号', +foreign key(vip_id) REFERENCES vip(vip_id) +); + +create table vip( +vip_id varchar(20) primary key comment '等级编号', +vip_name varchar(20) not null unique comment '等级名称' +); + +create table story( +story_id int primary key auto_increment comment '作品编号', +author_id int comment '作家编号', +type_id varchar(20) comment '类型编号', +story_name varchar(50) comment '作品名称', +views_number int comment '浏览量', +foreign key(author_id) REFERENCES author(author_id), +foreign key(type_id) REFERENCES type(type_id) +); + +create table type( +type_id varchar(20) PRIMARY key comment '类型编号', +type_name varchar(20) not null unique comment '类型名称' +); + +INSERT into author values +(1001,'朱逸群',600,'VIP01'), +(1002,'范建',8510,'VIP04'), +(1003,'史珍香',981,'VIP02'), +(1004,'范统',2364,'VIP02'), +(1005,'杜子腾',257,'VIP01'), +(1006,'刘产',678,'VIP02'), +(1007,'杜琦燕',438,'VIP03'); + +INSERT into vip values +('VIP01','青铜作家'), +('VIP02','白银作家'), +('VIP03','黄金作家'), +('VIP04','钻石作家'); + +insert into story VALUES +(1,1002,'L03','母猪产后与护理师的二三事',6541), +(2,1005,'L04','拖拉机大战蜘蛛侠',563), +(3,1003,'L01','这只小龙虾不正经',8754), +(4,1006,'L04','一个爹爹三个娃',36354), +(5,1006,'L01','皇上滚开本宫只劫财',3674), +(6,1005,'L05','给长城贴瓷砖的小太监',6541), +(7,1003,'L03','不科学御兽',1257), +(8,1005,'L01','镜面管理局',3216), +(9,1004,'L02','关于我成为灭魂师之后',1147), +(10,1004,'L05','公子别秀',2078); + +insert into type VALUES +('L01','玄幻'), +('L02','奇幻'), +('L03','武侠'), +('L04','仙侠'), +('L05','都市'); + + +-- 1. 根据前面提供的表结构和表数据,创建数据库并分别创建这张四张表;并插入相关数据。(提醒:外键请注意建表顺序和插入数据的顺序) (30分) +-- + +-- 2. 将story 表中的story_name字段类型改成varchar(40) 。(2分) +-- +ALTER table story MODIFY COLUMN story_name varchar(40); +-- 3. 在author表中增加一个性别字段 字段名:author_sex,类型: char(10),要求默认值为'男'。 (3分) +-- +ALTER table author add author_sex char(10) DEFAULT'男'; +-- 4. 将作家编号为1005、1007的作家性别改为'女' 。(2分) +-- +UPDATE author set author_sex='女' where author_id='1005' or author_id='1007'; +-- 5. 作家杜子腾,写了一篇名为《拜登夸我很帅》的都市小说,有854个浏览量,请将这条信息插入到story表。(3分) +-- +INSERT into story VALUES(null,1005,'L05','拜登夸我很帅',854); + + +-- 6. 《拖拉机大战蜘蛛侠》这篇小说,浏览量涨了100,请更新story表中的相关数据。(2分) +-- +UPDATE story set views_number = views_number+100 WHERE story_name = '拖拉机大战蜘蛛侠'; +-- 7. 请删除story表的中《皇上滚开本宫只劫财》这篇小说相关数据。(2分) +-- +DELETE from story where story_name = '皇上滚开本宫只劫财'; +-- 8. 查询 浏览量大于 8000的小说的作者编号和小说作品名称。(2分) +-- +SELECT story_id,story_name from story where views_number > 8000; +-- 9. 查询积分大于1000 并且会员等级高于vip03的作家所有信息。(3分) +-- +SELECT * FROM author where credits > 1000 and vip_id not in ('VIP01','VIP02','VIP03'); +-- 10. 查询姓名以杜字开头的作家的姓名,积分和等级编号。(3分) +-- +SELECT author_name,credits,vip_id FROM author where author_name like '杜%'; +-- 11. 查询积分在100、1000之间的作家信息,以积分降序排列。 (3分) +-- +SELECT * FROM author WHERE credits BETWEEN 100 and 1000 ORDER BY credits desc; +-- 12. 查询出小说的总浏览量,最高浏览量,最小浏览量,平均浏览量,给字段用上中文别名。(3分) +SELECT sum(views_number) '总浏览量',max(views_number) '最高浏览量',min(views_number) '最小浏览量',avg(views_number) '平均浏览量' FROM story; + +-- 13. 查询各种等级的作家的平均积分和作家数量,并对查询结果使用中文别名。(3分) +-- +SELECT avg(credits) '平均积分',count(*) '作家数量' FROM author GROUP BY vip_id; +-- 14. 查询小说数量大于等于2的分类编号和小说数量。(4分) +-- +SELECT type_id,count(type_id) from story GROUP BY type_id having count(type_id)>=2; +-- 15. 查询所有小说中浏览量最少的书的作品编号、作品名称和类型编号、浏览量。(4分) +-- +select story_id,story_name,type_id,views_number from story where views_number = (SELECT min(views_number) from story); +-- 16. 查询积分比刘产高的作者所有信息。(5分) + select * from author where credits > (select credits from author where author_name = '刘产') + +-- 17. 查询出哪些白银作家是没有写小说的,显示这些作家的姓名、等级名称。(8分) +-- +SELECT DISTINCT b.author_name 姓名,c.vip_name 等级名称 from story a INNER JOIN (select * from author where vip_id = 'VIP02') as b on a.author_id = b.author_id INNER JOIN vip c on c.vip_id = b.vip_id where b.author_id not in (b.author_id); +-- 18. 找出写过作品浏览量大于5000的作家的所有作品中浏览量不到1000的作品信息(8分) +-- +select a.* from story a inner JOIN (select * from story where views_number > 5000) as b on a.author_id = b.author_id where a.views_number < 1000; +-- 19. 查询所有小说的小说编号、小说名称、浏览量、分类名称、作者姓名、作者积分、作者等级名称,结果字段要用中文别名,并按浏览量降序排列,如果浏览量一样的,再按积分降序排列。(10分) +``` + +```sql + +``` -- Gitee