From 81b71bd429894cb5f064053d7c21019c1d269b70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?=E7=8E=8B=E7=94=9F=E5=BC=98?= <3216352491@qq.com>
Date: Wed, 22 Mar 2023 06:46:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E7=AC=94=E8=AE=B0?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Signed-off-by: 王生弘 <3216352491@qq.com>
---
 .../sql\347\254\224\350\256\2601.md"          | 374 ++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 374 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 "40\347\216\213\347\224\237\345\274\230\347\254\224\350\256\260/sql\347\254\224\350\256\2601.md"

diff --git "a/40\347\216\213\347\224\237\345\274\230\347\254\224\350\256\260/sql\347\254\224\350\256\2601.md" "b/40\347\216\213\347\224\237\345\274\230\347\254\224\350\256\260/sql\347\254\224\350\256\2601.md"
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0622a06
--- /dev/null
+++ "b/40\347\216\213\347\224\237\345\274\230\347\254\224\350\256\260/sql\347\254\224\350\256\2601.md"
@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+------------------------------------------------
+#                                Êý¾Ý¿âSQL
+
+
+
+
+
+--DDL£ºÊý¾Ý¿â¶¨ÒåÓïÑÔ,ÓÃÓÚ¶¨ÒåÊý¾Ý¿â¶ÔÏó£»ÈçÊý¾Ý¿âdatabase ¡¢Êý¾Ý±í table µÈ
+--´´½¨£ºcreate
+--ɾ³ý£ºdrop
+
+--Ð޸ģºalter
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+
+--ʹÓÃmasterÊý¾Ý¿â
+use master
+go
+
+--Èç¹û´æÔÚTestDBÊý¾Ý¿âɾ³ýÊý¾Ý¿â
+if exists(select * from sys.databases where name='TestDB')
+--ɾ³ýÊý¾Ý¿â
+--Óï·¨£ºdrop database Êý¾Ý¿âÃû
+	drop database TestDB;
+go
+
+--´´½¨Êý¾Ý¿â
+--	Óï·¨£ºcreate database Êý¾Ý¿âÃû
+create database TestDB
+go
+--goÅú´¦Àí±êÖ¾£¬·Ö¸îsqlÎļþ£»µÈ´ýÇ°ÃæÓï¾äÖ´ÐÐÍê±ÏÔÙÖ´ÐкóÃæµÄsqlÓï¾ä
+
+--ʹÓÃTestDBÊý¾Ý¿â
+use TestDB 
+go
+
+
+-----------------
+--½¨±í²¿·Ö
+-----------------
+
+
+/*
+Óï·¨£º
+	create table ±íÃû(
+	ÁÐÃû Êý¾ÝÀàÐÍ ÊôÐÔ,
+	......
+	);
+Êý¾ÝÀàÐÍ£º
+	1.×Ö·û´®£ºvarchar(n)¡¢nvarchar(n)¡¢text
+	2.ÕûÐÍ£ºint ¡¢tinyint
+	3.¸¡µãÐÍ£ºfloat¡¢decimal(n,m)
+	4.ÈÕÆÚ£ºdate ¡¢time¡¢datetime
+	5.»õ±ÒÐÍ£ºmoney
+ÊôÐÔ£º
+	1.Ö÷¼ü£ºprimary key
+	2.×ÔÔö±êʶ£ºidentity(n,m),Æðʼֵn,²½³¤m
+	3.Ψһ£ºunique
+	4.¼ì²é£ºcheck
+	5.ĬÈÏÖµ£ºdefault
+	6.·Ç¿Õ£ºnot null
+
+
+*/
+
+--´´½¨°à¼¶±í
+create table ClassInfo
+(
+	ClassId int identity(1,1) primary key,  --Ö÷¼ü£¬°à¼¶±àºÅ£¬±êʶÁÐ
+	ClassName nvarchar(20) not null			--°à¼¶Ãû³Æ£¬·Ç¿Õ
+)
+go
+
+--´´½¨Ñ§ÉúÐÅÏ¢±í
+create table StuInfo
+(
+	StuId int identity(1,1) primary key,	--Ö÷¼ü£¬Ñ§ºÅ£¬±êʶÁÐ
+	ClassId int references ClassInfo(ClassId) on delete set null, --ËùÊô°à¼¶±àºÅ£¬Íâ¼ü¹ØÁª°à¼¶±íµÄ°à¼¶±àºÅ
+	StuName nvarchar(10) not null,		--ÐÕÃû£¬·Ç¿Õ
+	StuSex  nvarchar(1) default('ÄÐ') check(StuSex in('ÄÐ','Å®')),	--ÐÔ±ð
+	StuBrithday date,	--³öÉúÈÕÆÚ
+	StuPhone nvarchar(11) check(len(StuPhone)=11) unique,--ÊÖ»úºÅ£¬ÏÞÖÆ11λ,Ψһ²»Öظ´
+	StuAddress nvarchar(200),--µØÖ·
+	CreateDate datetime default(getdate())	--´´½¨Ê±¼ä£¬Ä¬ÈÏΪϵͳʱ¼ä
+)
+go
+
+
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--DML£ºÊý¾Ý¿â²Ù×÷ÓïÑÔ£¬¶ÔÊý¾Ý½øÐÐÔöɾ¸Ä²éµÄ²Ù×÷
+--1.²åÈëÊý¾Ý£ºinsert into ±íÃû(ÁÐÃû1,ÁÐÃû2,.....) values(Öµ1,Öµ2,....),(Öµ1,Öµ2,....)
+--2.ÐÞ¸ÄÊý¾Ý£ºupdate ±íÃû set ÁÐÃû=¸üкóµÄÖµ,ÁÐÃû=¸üкóµÄÖµ,..... where ¸üÐÂÌõ¼þ
+--3.ɾ³ýÊý¾Ý£ºdelete from ±íÃû  where ɾ³ýÌõ¼þ
+--4.²éѯÊý¾Ý£ºselect ÁÐÃû,.....  from ±íÃû  ........		
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+------------------------------------------------
+--²åÈëÊý¾Ý²¿·Ö
+------------------------------------------------
+
+
+--1.²åÈëÊý¾Ý£ºinsert into ±íÃû(ÁÐÃû1,ÁÐÃû2,.....)
+--			  values(Öµ1,Öµ2,....),(Öµ1,Öµ2,....)
+
+--²åÈë°à¼¶ÐÅÏ¢±í
+insert into ClassInfo(ClassName)
+values('Èí¼þ1°à'),('Èí¼þ2°à')
+go
+
+
+--²åÈëѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+insert into StuInfo(ClassId,StuName,StuSex,StuBrithday,StuPhone,StuAddress)
+values(1,'ÁõÕý','ÄÐ','2002-08-02','13245678121','¹ãÎ÷Ê¡¹ðÁÖÊÐ');
+
+insert into StuInfo(ClassId,StuName,StuSex,StuBrithday,StuPhone,StuAddress)
+values(1,'»Æ¹ó','ÄÐ','2003-07-02','13345678121','½­Î÷Ê¡ÄϲýÊÐ');
+
+insert into StuInfo(ClassId,StuName,StuSex,StuBrithday,StuPhone,StuAddress)
+values(2,'³ÂÃÀ','Å®','2002-07-22','13355678125','¸£½¨Ê¡ÁúÑÒÊÐ');
+
+
+--2.ÐÞ¸ÄÊý¾Ý£ºupdate ±íÃû set ÁÐÃû1=¸üкóµÄÖµ,ÁÐÃû2=¸üкóµÄÖµ,..... where ¸üÐÂÌõ¼þµÄ±í´ïʽ
+
+--eg:ÐÞ¸ÄÁõÕýͬѧµÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢£¬ÐÔ±ð¸ÄΪŮ£¬³öÉúÈÕÆÚΪ2012-01-01
+update StuInfo set StuSex='Å®',StuBrithday='2012-01-01'  where StuId=1
+
+
+--3.ɾ³ýÊý¾Ý£ºdelete from ±íÃû where ɾ³ýÌõ¼þµÄ±í´ïʽ
+--eg:ɾ³ý»Æ¹óͬѧµÄÐÅÏ¢
+delete from  StuInfo where StuId=2
+
+
+----------------------------
+--DQL£ºÊý¾Ý¿â²éѯÓïÑÔ
+----------------------------
+/*
+Óï·¨£º	
+	select [top n [percent]]| [distinct] ÁÐÃû,ÁÐÃû,.....
+	from ±íÃû
+	[inner|left|right|full] join ±íÃû on Á¬½ÓÌõ¼þ£¨Á½±íµÄ¹ØÁª×Ö¶ÎÏàµÈ£©
+	where Ìõ¼þ±í´ïʽ£¨¶ÔÔ­Êý¾Ý½øÐÐÌõ¼þɸѡ£¬±í´ïʽÖÐÖ»ÄÜ°üº¬Ô­×ֶΣ¬²»¿ÉÓоۺϺ¯Êý£©
+	group by ·Ö×é×Ö¶Î,....
+	having Ìõ¼þ±í´ïʽ£¨¶Ô¾ÛºÏºóµÄÊý¾Ý½øÐÐÌõ¼þɸѡ£¬±í´ïʽÖÐÖ»ÄÜ°üº¬·Ö×é×ֶλòÕ߾ۺϺ¯Êý£¬²»¿ÉÒÔÓÐÆäËû·Ç·Ö×é×ֶΣ©
+	order by ÅÅÐò×ֶΠ[asc|desc],ÅÅÐò×ֶΠ[asc|desc],....
+
+*/
+
+
+
+
+
+--1.²éѯµ¥±íµÄËùÓÐÊý¾Ý
+--	select * from ±íÃû
+--		*ËùÓÐÁУ¬from¡¢Ö¸Ã÷Á˲éѯµÄ±í
+
+--eg:²éѯ°à¼¶ÐÅÏ¢
+select * from ClassInfo;
+
+--eg:²éѯѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+select * from StuInfo;
+
+
+
+
+--2.²éѯָ¶¨ÁÐ
+--	select ÁÐÃû,ÁÐÃû,....... from ±íÃû
+--eg:²éѯѧÉúµÄÐÕÃû¡¢ÊÖ»úºÅºÍµØÖ·ÐÅÏ¢
+select StuName,Stuphone,StuAddress from StuInfo;
+
+
+--	¸øÁÐÃûÉèÖñðÃû
+--	ÁÐÃû ±ðÃû
+--	ÁÐÃû as ±ðÃû
+--	±ðÃû=ÁÐÃû
+
+select StuName as ÐÕÃû,Stuphone  µç»°,µØÖ·=StuAddress  from StuInfo;
+
+
+--3.²éѯÈô¸ÉÐÐÊý¾Ý
+--	select top n [percent]  ÁÐÃû,ÁÐÃû,.......  from ±íÃû
+--	top»ñÈ¡²éѯ½á¹ûµÄÇ°¼¸ÐÐ
+
+--eg:»ñȡѧÉúÐÅÏ¢±íÖеÄÇ°2ÐÐÊý¾Ý
+select top 2 * from StuInfo;
+select top 10 percent * from StuInfo;
+
+
+
+--4.²éѯ½á¹ûÈ¥³ýÖظ´Ïî
+--	select distinct ÁÐÃû,ÁÐÃû,.......  from ±íÃû
+--	distinct :²»Í¬µÄ
+
+--eg:ѧÉúÐÅÏ¢±íÖеİ༶±àºÅÐÅÏ¢
+
+select distinct  ClassId from StuInfo;
+
+
+
+--5.¶Ô²éѯ½á¹û½øÐÐÅÅÐò
+--select ÁÐÃû,ÁÐÃû,.... from ±íÃû
+--order by ÅÅÐò×ֶΠ[asc(ÉýÐò)|desc(½µÐò)] 
+
+--eg:½«Ñ§ÉúµÄÐÅÏ¢°´ÕÕ³öÉúÈÕÆÚ´ÓСµ½´óÅÅÐò
+
+select * from StuInfo order by  StuBrithday;
+
+
+
+
+--6.where Ìõ¼þ×Ӿ䣺¶Ô±íµÄ¼Ç¼½øÐÐÌõ¼þɸѡ£¬Ö»ÓмǼ·ûºÏwhereÌõ¼þ±í´ïʽ²Å·µ»Øµ½½á¹û¼¯ÖÐ
+--	Ìõ¼þ±í´ïʽ£º½á¹û±ØÐëÊDz¼¶ûÐÍ£¬×Ö¶ÎÃûºÍÔËËã·û
+--	ÔËËã·û£º
+--	1£©±È½ÏÔËËã·û£º>  >=  <  <=  <>  !=
+
+--eg£º²éѯ¿¼ÊԳɼ¨²»¼°¸ñµÄ³É¼¨ÐÅÏ¢
+select * from Scores where score<60;
+
+
+--	2)Âß¼­ÔËËã·û£ºand(Óë) ¡¢ or(»òÕß) ¡¢not(·Ç)
+--eg£º²éѯ¿Î³Ì±àºÅΪ1²¢Çҳɼ¨²»¼°¸ñµÄ³É¼¨ÐÅÏ¢
+select * from Scores where score<60 and CourseId=1;
+
+--eg£º²éѯ°à¼¶±àºÅΪ1ºÍ2µÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+select * from StuInfo where ClassId=1 or classId=2;
+
+--eg£º²éѯ°à¼¶±àºÅ²»Îª1ºÍ2µÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+select * from StuInfo where not(ClassId=1 or classId=2);
+
+
+--	3)·¶Î§ÔËËã·û£ºbetween A  and B £ºÖµÔÚ[A,B]·¶Î§ÄÚ£»not between A  and B £ºÖµ²»ÔÚ[A,B]·¶Î§ÄÚ
+
+--eg:²éѯ³öÉúÄê·ÝÔÚ2001µÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢,2001-01-01  2001-12-31
+select * from StuInfo where StuBrithday>= '2001-01-01' and  StuBrithday<='2001-12-31';
+
+select * from StuInfo where StuBrithday between '2001-01-01' and '2001-12-31';
+
+select * from StuInfo where year(StuBrithday) =2001
+
+--eg:²éѯ³öÉúÄê·Ý²»ÔÚ2001µÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+select * from StuInfo where StuBrithday not between '2001-01-01' and '2001-12-31'
+
+--	4)ÁбíÔËËã·û£ºin(Öµ1,Öµ2,....)   not in(Öµ1,Öµ2,....)
+--	eg:²éѯ°à¼¶±àºÅΪ1,2,3µÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+select * from StuInfo where classid=1 or ClassId=2 or ClassId=3
+
+select * from StuInfo where ClassId in(1,2,3);
+
+--	eg:²éѯ°à¼¶±àºÅ²»Îª1,2,3µÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+
+select * from StuInfo where ClassId not in(1,2,3);
+
+--	5)¿ÕÖµÔËËã·û£ºis null ,not is null
+--		NULL´ú±í¿ÕÖµ,´ú±í¸Ã×Ö¶ÎÔÚ²åÈëÊý¾Ýʱδ¸³Öµ£¬²¢Î´·ÖÅäÄÚ´æµØÖ·¿Õ¼ä
+--		''´ú±í¿Õ×Ö·û´®£¬Óд洢¿Õ¼ä£¬µ«ÊÇûÓÐ×Ö·û
+--eg£º²éѯµØַΪNULLµÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+select * from StuInfo where StuAddress is null;
+
+--eg:²éѯµØÖ·ÐÅϢΪ¿Õ£¨Ã»ÓÐÊý¾Ý£©µÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+select * from StuInfo where StuAddress is null or StuAddress='';
+
+
+--	6£©Ä£Ê½Æ¥ÅäÔËËã·û£ºlike '´ýÆ¥ÅäµÄģʽ×Ö·û´®'
+--	ͨÅä·û£º%£¬_,[],[^]
+--		%:Æ¥Åä0~n¸öÈÎÒâ×Ö·û
+--		_£ºÆ¥Åä1¸öÈÎÒâ×Ö·û
+--		[a,b,c...]£ºÆ¥ÅäÖ¸¶¨¼¯ºÏÖеÄ1¸ö×Ö·û,
+--		[^a,b,c...]£º²»Æ¥ÅäÖ¸¶¨¼¯ºÏÖеÄËùÓÐ×Ö·û
+
+--eg:²éѯ¹ðÁÖÊеÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢
+select * from StuInfo where StuAddress like '%¹ðÁÖÊÐ%'
+
+--eg£º²éѯÐÕÁõµÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢£¬StuNameµÚÒ»×Ö±ØÐëÊÇÁõ
+select * from StuInfo where StuName like 'Áõ%'
+
+--eg£º²éѯÐÕÁõµÄѧÉúÐÅÏ¢£¬Ãû×ÖÈý¸ö×ֵģ¬StuNameµÚÒ»×Ö±ØÐëÊÇÁõ
+select * from StuInfo where StuName like 'Áõ__'
+
+
+
+
+
+--7.¾ÛºÏ²éѯ
+/*¾ÛºÏº¯Êý£º½«Ò»×éÊý¾ÝʹÓþۺϺ¯Êý¼ÆË㣬·µ»ØÒ»¸öµ¥Öµ
+	count(×Ö¶Î,...):·µ»Ø·Ç¿ÕÖµÊý¾ÝµÄ¸öÊý,×Ö¶ÎÖµÈç¹ûΪNULL²»ÁÐÈë¼ÆÊý
+	sum(×Ö¶Î)£º·µ»ØÒ»×é¼Ç¼ÖÐÖ¸¶¨×ֶεÄÊý¾ÝºÍ
+	avg(×Ö¶Î)£º·µ»ØÒ»×é¼Ç¼ÖÐÖ¸¶¨×ֶεÄƽ¾ùÖµ
+	max(×Ö¶Î)£º·µ»ØÒ»×é¼Ç¼ÖÐÖ¸¶¨×ֶεÄ×î´óÖµ
+	min(×Ö¶Î)£º·µ»ØÒ»×é¼Ç¼ÖÐÖ¸¶¨×ֶεÄ×îСֵ
+*/
+
+
+
+
+
+
+--8.·Ö×é¾ÛºÏ²éѯ£º½«Êý¾Ý°´ÕÕ·Ö×é×ֶνøÐзÖ×飨·Ö×é×Ö¶ÎÖµÏàͬ·ÖΪͬһ×飩£¬È»ºó½øÐоۺÏÔËË㣬ÿһ×é·µ»ØÒ»¸öÖµ
+/*
+Óï·¨£º
+	select ·Ö×é×Ö¶Î1, ·Ö×é×Ö¶Î2,¾ÛºÏº¯Êý(×Ö¶Î),......   from 
+	group by ·Ö×é×Ö¶Î1,·Ö×é×Ö¶Î2,....
+	having Ìõ¼þ±í´ïʽ£¨¶Ô¾ÛºÏºóµÄÊý¾Ý½øÐÐÌõ¼þɸѡ£©
+*/
+
+
+--eg:²éѯÿÃſγ̵Ä×ܳɼ¨£¬Æ½¾ù³É¼¨£¬×î¸ß·ÖºÍ×îµÍ·ÖÐÅÏ¢£¨°´Õտγ̱àºÅ·Ö×飩
+
+select CourseId,sum(score) ×ܳɼ¨,avg(score),max(score),min(score) from Scores 
+group by CourseId
+
+--eg:²éѯÿ¸öѧÉúµÄ×ܳɼ¨,£¨°´ÕÕѧºÅ·Ö×é¼ÆËãÿ¸öѧÉúµÄ×ܳɼ¨£©
+select StuId,sum(score) ×ܳɼ¨ from Scores 
+group by StuId
+
+
+--eg£º²éѯÿ¸öѧÉúµÄ×ܳɼ¨,ÒªÇó×Ü·Ö´óÓÚ300·Ö
+select StuId,sum(score) ×ܳɼ¨ from Scores 
+group by StuId
+having sum(Score)>300
+
+
+
+--eg£º²éѯѧºÅ1-5ÖÐÿ¸öѧÉúµÄ×ܳɼ¨,ÒªÇó×Ü·Ö´óÓÚ300·Ö
+select StuId,sum(score) ×ܳɼ¨ from Scores 
+where StuId >=1 and StuId<=5
+group by StuId
+having sum(Score)>300
+
+--eg£º²éѯѧºÅ1-5ÖÐÿ¸öѧÉúµÄ×ܳɼ¨,ÒªÇó×Ü·Ö´óÓÚ300·Ö,²éѯ½á¹û°´×ܳɼ¨µÄ½µÐòÅÅÐò
+select StuId,sum(score) ×ܳɼ¨ from Scores 
+where StuId >=1 and StuId<=5
+group by StuId
+having sum(Score)>300
+order by sum(score) desc
+
+
+--9.Á¬½Ó²éѯ:ÐèÒª²éѯµÄÊý¾ÝÉæ¼°µ½¶àÕűíʱ£¬¾ÍÐèҪʹÓÃÁ¬½Ó²éѯʵÏÖ¶à±íÁ¬½Ó
+--Á¬½Ó¶à±íµÄ¹Ø¼ü×Ö£º join ±íÃû  on Á½±íµÄÁ¬½ÓÌõ¼þ£¨±ØÌÁ½±íµÄ¹ØÁª×Ö¶ÎÏàµÈ£©
+
+--Á¬½Ó²éѯ²½Ö裺1.ÕÒµ½Òª²éѯµÄÊý¾ÝÉæ¼°µ½ÄÄЩ±í£¬
+--				2.È»ºó½«ÕâЩ±í½øÐÐÁ¬½Ó²éѯ£¬ÕÒµ½±íÖ®¼äµÄ¹ØÁª×ֶΣ¬½«¹ØÁª×Ö¶ÎÉèÖÃΪÁ¬½ÓÌõ¼þ
+--1)ÄÚÁ¬½Ó
+/*
+Óï·¨£º
+	select ±í1~N.ÁÐ1~N,... from ±í1 
+	inner join ±í2 on ±í1.ÁÐ = ±í2.ÁÐ
+	inner join ±í3 on ±í2.ÁÐ = ±í3.ÁÐ
+	...
+	[where Ìõ¼þ]
+	[group by ×Ö¶Î]
+	[having Ìõ¼þ]
+	[order by ×Ö¶Î]
+
+*/
+
+--eg:²éѯѧÉúµÄ³É¼¨ÐÅÏ¢£º°à¼¶Ãû³Æ£¬Ñ§ºÅ£¬ÐÕÃû¡¢¿Î³ÌÃû³ÆºÍ³É¼¨
+select  ClassInfo.ClassId °à¼¶±àºÅ,ClassName °à¼¶Ãû³Æ,StuInfo.StuId ѧºÅ,StuName ÐÕÃû,CourseName ¿Î³ÌÃû³Æ ,Score ³É¼¨
+from StuInfo 
+join Scores on StuInfo.StuId = Scores.StuId
+join CourseInfo on CourseInfo.CourseId = Scores.CourseId
+join ClassInfo on ClassInfo.ClassId=StuInfo.ClassId
+
+
+
+--eg:²éѯѧÉú×ܳɼ¨ÐÅÏ¢£ºÐÕÃûºÍ×ܳɼ¨
+--ÐÕÃûÔÚstuinfo  ,×ܳɼ¨£ºsum(score)  score×Ö¶ÎÔÚScores
+--Êý¾ÝÔÚÁ½ÕűíÁ¬½ÓÁ½Õűí
+select StuName,sum(Score) ×ܳɼ¨ from StuInfo 
+join Scores on  StuInfo.StuId=Scores.StuId   --Á¬½Óscores±í
+group by StuInfo.StuId,StuName
+
+
+
+
+
-- 
Gitee