From 26ac97e15346889116a44a865540b6af2a0ab2dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9F=B3=E5=B2=9A=E6=A3=AE=28=E5=BF=97=E4=B8=87=E4=BC=A0?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=AA=92=29?= Date: Wed, 23 Apr 2025 12:35:48 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=87=8D=E5=91=BD=E5=90=8D=2003=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9F=B3=E5=B2=9A=E6=A3=AE/250422.txt=20=E4=B8=BA=2003=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9F=B3=E5=B2=9A=E6=A3=AE/250421.txt?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- .../250421.txt" | 0 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) rename "03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250422.txt" => "03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250421.txt" (100%) diff --git "a/03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250422.txt" "b/03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250421.txt" similarity index 100% rename from "03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250422.txt" rename to "03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250421.txt" -- Gitee From f3509664da07acf0454375a51a07e888283d8e66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9F=B3=E5=B2=9A=E6=A3=AE=28=E5=BF=97=E4=B8=87=E4=BC=A0?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=AA=92=29?= Date: Wed, 23 Apr 2025 12:47:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] text MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Signed-off-by: 柳岚森(志万传媒) --- .../250422.txt" | 265 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 265 insertions(+) create mode 100644 "03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250422.txt" diff --git "a/03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250422.txt" "b/03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250422.txt" new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e020fa --- /dev/null +++ "b/03 \346\237\263\345\262\232\346\243\256/250422.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,265 @@ +# 路由重分发 + + + +在大型的企业中，可能在同一网内使用到多种路由协议，为了实现多种路由协议的协同工作，路由器可以使用路由重分发（route redistribution）将其学习到的一种路由协议的路由通过另一种路由协议广播出去，这样网络的所有部分都可以连通了。 为了实现重分发，路由器必须同时运行多种路由协议，这样，每种路由协议才可以取路由表中的所有或部分其他协议的路由来进行广播 + + + +```bash +# 在路由器上配置多路由协议间的重分发，比如将路由协议A重分发到路由协议B中，要先进入路由协议B的路由模式下，然后再执行redistribute命令进行重分发的操作，并配置相应的路由选路参数。 + +#步骤1：先将负责转发的路由器，设置好各种协议，RIP\OSPF\静态 + +# 将RIP转成OSPF怎么办？ +// 1.先进入目标协议OSPF +Router(config)：router ospf 1 +// 2.将来源RIP重分发 +Router(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets // 获取来自RIP子网络的路由进行分发 + +# 将OSPF转成RIP怎么办？ +// 1.先进入目标协议RIP +Router(config)：router rip +Router(config-router)：version 2 +// 2.将来源OSPF重分发 +Router(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 // 获取来自OSPF进程1的路由进行重分发，且设置metric为5 + +# 将静态转成OSPF怎么办？ +// 1.先进入目标协议OSPF +Router(config)：router ospf 1 +// 2.将来源静态重分发 +Router(config-router)#redistribute static subnets + + +# 注意： +# 只能将静态重分发为动态，而不能将动态重分发为静态，所以指向动态的方向可以用默认路由，指向具体静态网络时，要写具体 + + +``` + +# 练习 + +1. OSPF 与 RIP 互通 + +![image-20250422100155807](https://gitee.com/onesheet/images_backup/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745287316.png) + +```cmd +将ospf当做负责转换的路由器： +路由器rip： +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#interface g0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config)#interface g0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#version 2 +Router(config-router)#network 3.3.3.0 +Router(config-router)#network 2.2.2.0 + +路由器ospf： +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#interface g0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#interface g0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#version 2 +Router(config-router)#network 2.2.2.0 +Router(config-router)#ex +Router(config)#router ospf 1 +Router(config-router)#network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 +Router(config-router)#ex +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 +Router(config)#router ospf 1 +Router(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets +``` + + + +![Snipaste_2025-04-22_12-37-04](https://gitee.com/guan-songtao/picture/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745297861.png) + +2. OSPF 与 静态互通 + + ![image-20250422100239051](https://gitee.com/onesheet/images_backup/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745287359.png) + + ```cmd + 将ospf当做负责转换的路由器： + 静态路由： + Router>en + Router#conf t + Router(config)#interface g0/0 + Router(config-if)#no shutdown + Router(config-if)#ip address 30.30.30.1 255.255.255.0 + Router(config-if)#ex + Router(config)#interface g0/1 + Router(config-if)#no shutdown + Router(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.2 255.255.255.0 + Router(config-if)#ex + Router(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 20.20.20.1 + + ospf路由器： + Router>en + Router#conf t + Router(config)#interface g0/1 + Router(config-if)#no shutdown + Router(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0 + Router(config-if)#ex + Router(config)#interface g0/0 + Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.0 + Router(config-if)#no shutdown + Router(config-if)#ex + Router(config)#ip route 30.30.30.0 255.255.255.0 20.20.20.2 + Router(config)#router ospf 1 + Router(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 + Router(config-router)#exit + Router(config)#router ospf 1 + Router(config-router)#redistribute static subnets + ``` + + ![Snipaste_2025-04-22_12-58-06](https://gitee.com/guan-songtao/picture/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745297911.png) + +3. RIP 与 静态互通 + +![image-20250422100248052](https://gitee.com/onesheet/images_backup/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745287368.png) + + + +```cmd +将rip当做负责转换的路由器： +静态路由： +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#interface g0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 70.70.70.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exi +Router(config)#interface g0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 60.60.60.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#ip route 50.50.50.0 255.255.255.0 60.60.60.1 +Router(config)# + +rip路由： +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#interface g0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 60.60.60.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#interface g0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 50.50.50.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit +Router(config)#ip route 70.70.70.0 255.255.255.0 60.60.60.2 +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#version 2 +Router(config-router)#network 50.50.50.0 +Router(config-router)#ex +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#redistribute static +Router(config-router)# +``` + +![Snipaste_2025-04-22_12-58-15](https://gitee.com/guan-songtao/picture/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745297915.png) + +## 扩展作业 + +![image-20250422094739547](https://gitee.com/onesheet/images_backup/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745286463.png) + + + +中间负责重分发的路由器核心代码： + +```bash +# 进入OSPF 将RIP和静态重分发为OSPF +router ospf 1 + log-adjacency-changes + redistribute rip subnets + redistribute static subnets + network 9.9.9.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 +! +# 进入RIP 将OSPF和静态重分发为RIP +router rip + version 2 + redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 + redistribute static + network 11.0.0.0 +! +# 静态路由，直接设置，不用重发分，但与当前路由连接的静态路由器，要将当前路由器调为默认出口 +ip classless +ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.1 +ip route 192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.1 +ip route 192.168.220.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.1 +! +``` + + + +```cmd +ospf中与分发路由器相连的路由器： +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#router ospf 1 +Router(config-router)#network 10.10.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 + +rip中与分发路由器相连的路由器： +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#version 2 +Router(config-router)#network 10.20.30.0 + +静态中与分发路由器相连的路由器： +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.30.30.1 + +中间分发的路由器： +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#version 2 +Router(config-router)#network 10.30.30.0 +Router(config-router)#ex + +Router(config)#router ospf 1 +Router(config-router)#network 10.10.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 +Router(config-router)#ex + +Router(config)#router ospf 1 +Router(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets +Router(config-router)#ex +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#version 2 +Router(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 +Router(config-router)#ex + +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0 10.30.30.2 +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.220.0 255.255.255.0 10.30.30.2 ----\\不能用默认路由 +Router(config)#router ospf 1 +Router(config-router)#redistribute static subnets +Router(config-router)#ex +Router(config)#router rip +Router(config-router)#redistribute static +``` + + + +![Snipaste_2025-04-22_13-37-42](https://gitee.com/guan-songtao/picture/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745300357.png) + +![Snipaste_2025-04-22_13-38-08](https://gitee.com/guan-songtao/picture/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745300365.png) + +![Snipaste_2025-04-22_13-38-41](https://gitee.com/guan-songtao/picture/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745300372.png) + +![Snipaste_2025-04-22_13-38-56](https://gitee.com/guan-songtao/picture/raw/master/img/upgit_20250422_1745300377.png) \ No newline at end of file -- Gitee