diff --git "a/34 \345\220\264\345\255\237\345\275\244/20250425 DHCP\345\212\250\346\200\201\344\270\273\346\234\272\345\210\206\351\205\215.md" "b/34 \345\220\264\345\255\237\345\275\244/20250425 DHCP\345\212\250\346\200\201\344\270\273\346\234\272\345\210\206\351\205\215.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b21acdc6df08c358574923b9638bd195481c71ba --- /dev/null +++ "b/34 \345\220\264\345\255\237\345\275\244/20250425 DHCP\345\212\250\346\200\201\344\270\273\346\234\272\345\210\206\351\205\215.md" @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ +### DHCP动态主机分配 + +#### 工作流程 + +1. Discover：客户端广播寻找DHCP服务器 +2. Offer：服务器回应可用的IP地址 +3. Request：客户端确认使用该IP +4. Acknowledge：服务器最终确认，分配IP + +#### 基本配置步骤 + +```cmd +1. 创建DHCP地址池 +Router(config)# ip dhcp pool 自定义名称 + +2. 配置网络地址和子网掩码 +Router(dhcp-config)# network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 + +3. 配置默认网关 +Router(dhcp-config)# default-router 192.168.10.254 + +4. 配置DNS服务器 +Router(dhcp-config)# dns-server 8.8.8.8 + + +进入端口配置网关 +Router(config)# interface g0/0 +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 +``` + +#### 作业 + +```cmd +实验1 +Router(config)#ip dhcp pool net10 # 创建DHCP池 +Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 # 设置网络地址 子网掩码 +Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.10.254 # 设置网关 +Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8 # 设置DNS +Router(dhcp-config)#exit + +Router(config)#interface g0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 # 设置端口网关 子网掩码 + +``` + +```cmd +实验2 +Router(config)#interface g0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#ip helper-address 192.168.100.2 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#interface g0/2 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#ip helper-address 192.168.100.2 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#interface g0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 +``` + +```cmd +作业2 +OSPF路由器 +Router(config)#ip dhcp pool net10 +Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 +Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.10.254 +Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8 +Router(dhcp-config)#exit + +Router(config)#interface f0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#interface f0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#route ospf 1 +Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 +Router(config-router)#network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 +Router(config-router)#exit + +RIP路由器 +Router(config)#ip dhcp pool net20 +Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 +Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.20.254 +Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8 +Router(dhcp-config)#exit + +Router(config)#interface f0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#interface f0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#route rip +Router(config)#version 2 +Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 +Router(config-router)#network 3.3.3.0 +Router(config-router)#exit +静态路由 +Router(config)#ip dhcp pool net30 +Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 +Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.30.254 +Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8 +Router(dhcp-config)#exit + +Router(config)#interface f0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#interface f0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 + +中转路由器 +Router(config)#interface f0/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#interface f0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#interface f1/0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#exit + +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 2.2.2.1 + +Router(config)#route ospf 1 +Router(config-router)#network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 +Router(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets +Router(config-router)#exit + +Router(config)#route rip +Router(config-router)#version 2 +Router(config-router)#network 3.3.3.0 +Router(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 +Router(config-router)#exit +``` + +![image-20250425202457017](https://gitee.com/potatoes-do-not-peel/image-storage/raw/master/img/upgit_20250425_1745583901.png) \ No newline at end of file