diff --git a/ets2panda/checker/ets/function.cpp b/ets2panda/checker/ets/function.cpp
index 6f65e600f6800813cb3465f7ffeedcdc21b01117..b82e8e2839a03bf6f07e4616b937084fccf98e9d 100644
--- a/ets2panda/checker/ets/function.cpp
+++ b/ets2panda/checker/ets/function.cpp
@@ -658,23 +658,10 @@ Signature *ETSChecker::ValidateSignature(
     size_t const argCount = arguments.size();
     auto const hasRestParameter = signature->RestVar() != nullptr;
     auto const reportError = (flags & TypeRelationFlag::NO_THROW) == 0;
-    size_t compareCount = argCount;
-    if ((flags & TypeRelationFlag::NO_CHECK_TRAILING_LAMBDA) != 0 && !signature->Params().empty() &&
-        signature->Params().back()->Declaration()->Node()->AsETSParameterExpression()->IsOptional()) {
-        compareCount = compareCount - 1;
-    }
-
-    if (compareCount < signature->MinArgCount() || (argCount > signature->ArgCount() && !hasRestParameter)) {
-        if (reportError) {
-            LogError(diagnostic::PARAM_COUNT_MISMATCH, {signature->MinArgCount(), argCount}, pos);
-        }
-        return nullptr;
-    }
 
-    if (argCount > signature->ArgCount() && hasRestParameter && (flags & TypeRelationFlag::IGNORE_REST_PARAM) != 0) {
+    if (!ValidateRestParameter(this, signature, arguments, pos, flags)) {
         return nullptr;
     }
-
     auto count = std::min(signature->ArgCount(), argCount);
     // Check all required formal parameter(s) first
     // SUPPRESS_CSA_NEXTLINE(alpha.core.AllocatorETSCheckerHint)
diff --git a/ets2panda/test/ast/compiler/ets/class_cyclic_constructor.ets b/ets2panda/test/ast/compiler/ets/class_cyclic_constructor.ets
index a9dc55d05aab00763ce64ea298e84fdb79a1863f..89afebb59c28b0d63991ab1418a38b63acca1d11 100644
--- a/ets2panda/test/ast/compiler/ets/class_cyclic_constructor.ets
+++ b/ets2panda/test/ast/compiler/ets/class_cyclic_constructor.ets
@@ -42,9 +42,8 @@ class A {
 /* @@? 24:34 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token '='. */
 /* @@? 24:36 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token '{'. */
 /* @@? 24:38 Error TypeError: Unresolved reference caches */
-/* @@? 25:21 Error TypeError: Expected 0 arguments, got 1. */
+/* @@? 25:21 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
 /* @@? 25:21 Error TypeError: No matching construct signature for class_cyclic_constructor.A(...tuple) */
-/* @@? 25:27 Error TypeError: Spread argument cannot be passed for ordinary parameter. */
 /* @@? 25:30 Error TypeError: Unresolved reference tuple */
 /* @@? 26:31 Error TypeError: Property 'bar' does not exist on type 'A' */
 /* @@? 27:5 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token ')'. */
diff --git a/ets2panda/test/ast/compiler/ets/spread_record.ets b/ets2panda/test/ast/compiler/ets/spread_record.ets
index ec7aa3a9dc41272e5e078e7d845d45ffaddeb229..f9782ab9747c4499a218df40d74a3a8ebcc80400 100644
--- a/ets2panda/test/ast/compiler/ets/spread_record.ets
+++ b/ets2panda/test/ast/compiler/ets/spread_record.ets
@@ -20,15 +20,12 @@ let r3: Record<string, string> = { ...r1, ...r2 }
 console.log(...r3)                                 // crash - Issue #26773
 
 
-/* @@? 17:1 Error TypeError: Expected 0 arguments, got 1. */
+/* @@? 17:1 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
 /* @@? 17:1 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for log(...r1) */
-/* @@? 17:13 Error TypeError: Spread argument cannot be passed for ordinary parameter. */
+/* @@? 17:1 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
 /* @@? 17:13 Error TypeError: Type 'Record<String,String>' is not compatible with rest parameter type 'Array<Any>' at index 1 */
 /* @@? 17:13 Error TypeError: Spread expression can be applied only to array or tuple type, but 'Record<String,String>' is provided */
-/* @@? 17:13 Error TypeError: Spread argument cannot be passed for ordinary parameter. */
 /* @@? 20:1 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for log(...r3) */
-/* @@? 20:1 Error TypeError: Expected 0 arguments, got 1. */
-/* @@? 20:13 Error TypeError: Spread argument cannot be passed for ordinary parameter. */
+/* @@? 20:1 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
 /* @@? 20:13 Error TypeError: Type 'Record<String,String>' is not compatible with rest parameter type 'Array<Any>' at index 1 */
 /* @@? 20:13 Error TypeError: Spread expression can be applied only to array or tuple type, but 'Record<String,String>' is provided */
-/* @@? 20:13 Error TypeError: Spread argument cannot be passed for ordinary parameter. */
diff --git a/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/FixedArray/MultipleParserErrors.ets b/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/FixedArray/MultipleParserErrors.ets
index a97e3450fc1f571d6ce4b5ee4f690eb2bc8d458a..ca67a0dc01cff69925ce9368359eeb384ac33918 100644
--- a/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/FixedArray/MultipleParserErrors.ets
+++ b/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/FixedArray/MultipleParserErrors.ets
@@ -226,10 +226,12 @@ function main(): void {
 /* @@? 92:7 Error TypeError: Variable 'A' has already been declared. */
 /* @@? 92:7 Error TypeError: Merging declarations is not supported, please keep all definitions of classes, interfaces and enums compact in the codebase! */
 /* @@? 93:3 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token. A constructor, method, accessor, or property was expected. */
-/* @@? 115:26 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token, expected an identifier. */
+/* @@? 103:14 Error SyntaxError: Rest parameter should be either array or tuple type. */
+/* @@? 104:21 Error SyntaxError: Rest parameter should be either array or tuple type. */
 /* @@? 115:26 Error SyntaxError: Parameter declaration should have an explicit type annotation. */
 /* @@? 115:26 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token, expected ',' or ')'. */
 /* @@? 115:26 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token 'case'. */
+/* @@? 115:26 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token, expected an identifier. */
 /* @@? 115:30 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token ':'. */
 /* @@? 115:32 Error SyntaxError: Unexpected token 'U'. */
 /* @@? 115:32 Error TypeError: Unresolved reference U */
diff --git a/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_1.ets b/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_1.ets
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..26483b2780137c4e697099b19173c07c0e83d3ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_1.ets
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+function foo(x: number) {
+  console.log(x)
+}
+let args_tuple: [number, number] = [0, 1]
+/* @@ label1 */foo(1, ...args_tuple)
+let args_array: number[] = [2, 3]
+/* @@ label2 */foo(4, ...args_array)
+
+/* @@@ label1 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label1 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for foo(Int, [Double, Double]) */
+/* @@@ label2 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label2 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for foo(Int, Double) */
diff --git a/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_2.ets b/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_2.ets
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a5407b76f91f8ed4787688a74ea581267c105884
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_2.ets
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+function foo(x: number) {
+  console.log(x)
+}
+let args_tuple: [number, number] = [0, 1]
+/* @@ label1 */foo(...args_tuple)
+let args_array: number[] = [2, 3]
+/* @@ label2 */foo(...args_array)
+
+function moo(x: number, y: number) {
+  console.log(x, y)
+}
+args_tuple = [0, 1]
+/* @@ label3 */moo(1, ...args_tuple)
+args_array = [2, 3]
+/* @@ label4 */moo(2, ...args_array)
+
+/* @@@ label1 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label1 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for foo([Double, Double]) */
+/* @@@ label2 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label2 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for foo(Double) */
+/* @@@ label3 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label3 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for moo(Int, [Double, Double]) */
+/* @@@ label4 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label4 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for moo(Int, Double) */
diff --git a/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_3.ets b/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_3.ets
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..89d5215fd1226415488589ea8be4a8376171f4aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ets2panda/test/ast/parser/ets/spread_parameter_only_with_rest_3.ets
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+function foo(x: number, y: number) {
+  console.log(x, y)
+}
+let args_tuple: [number, number] = [0, 1]
+/* @@ label1 */foo(...args_tuple)
+let args_array: number[] = [2, 3]
+/* @@ label2 */foo(...args_array)
+
+function moo(x: number, y: number, z: number) {
+  console.log(x, y, z)
+}
+args_tuple = [0, 1]
+/* @@ label3 */moo(1, ...args_tuple)
+args_array = [2, 3]
+/* @@ label4 */moo(2, ...args_array)
+
+/* @@@ label1 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label1 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for foo([Double, Double]) */
+/* @@@ label2 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label2 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for foo(Double) */
+/* @@@ label3 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label3 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for moo(Int, [Double, Double]) */
+/* @@@ label4 Error TypeError: The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator. */
+/* @@@ label4 Error TypeError: No matching call signature for moo(Int, Double) */
diff --git a/ets2panda/util/diagnostic/semantic.yaml b/ets2panda/util/diagnostic/semantic.yaml
index 67b1ab0c445858c776575813a9752d3a96cba74f..7bb8b93fb591a0a664e062a2ded9a6620517824c 100644
--- a/ets2panda/util/diagnostic/semantic.yaml
+++ b/ets2panda/util/diagnostic/semantic.yaml
@@ -471,6 +471,10 @@ semantic:
   id: 343
   message: "Indexed signatures are not allowed. Use arrays instead!"
 
+- name: ERROR_ARKTS_SPREAD_ONLY_WITH_REST
+  id: 44192
+  message: "The function or method being called needs a rest parameter to accept arguments passed via the spread operator."
+
 - name: EXCEPTION_REDECLARATION
   id: 13
   message: "Redeclaration of exception type"